CELSPAC investigates human health and the factors that influence it. The study began in 1991, recruiting pregnant women with an expected delivery date between 1991 and 1992 from two regions in the Czech Republic: Brno and Znojmo. At baseline, data were collected from medical records for around 7,590 children. Additionally, around 5,150 mothers and 4,650 fathers provided data at birth. Data from health records, children, mothers, fathers and/or teachers was collected regularly between the 6th month and 19th year of the child's life. In 2019, the original cohort of children, their siblings, and partners were followed into adulthood as part of a sub-study (ELSPAC: Young Adults study). In further sub-studies, subsets of CELSPAC children completed follow-up assessments between ages 23 and 24 years (Biomarkers and Underlying Mechanisms of Vulnerability to Depression [VULDE]) and between ages 28 and 30 years (Health Brain Age study). In 2024, a follow-up sub-study of CELSPAC parents and their current partners began (CELSPAC: Parents study).