Environmental Risk Longitudinal Twin Study (E-Risk)
E-Risk follows a cohort of twins born in 1994 and 1995 in England and Wales. The cohort was constructed in 1999-2000 from an existing cohort, the Twins Early Development Study (TEDS), when over 1,100 families with same-sex 5-year-old twins began participating in more in-depth home-visit assessments. The E-Risk participants and their families were subsequently assessed during home visits when the twins were aged 7, 10, 12 and 18 years, with over 90% retention at each assessment point. The twins were invited to complete a brief online survey at age 26 and are currently being invited for remote video interviews at age 30.
Study design
Cohort - twin
Number of participants at first data collection
2,232 (participants)
Age at first data collection
5 years (participants)
Participant year of birth
1994 - 1995 (participants)
Participant sex
All
Representative sample at baseline?
The full range of socioeconomic conditions in Great Britain; the families’ distribution is reflected on a neighbourhood-level socioeconomic index (ACORN) that very closely matches the national distribution. The ethnic backgrounds of the population of England and Wales in the early 1990s; 90.1% of E-Risk families’ self-identified as being of White ethnicity compared to 94.1% of the populations of England and Wales.
Sample features
Countries
Year of first data collection
1999 - 2000 (E-Risk)
1994 - 1995 (TEDS)
Primary Institutions
King's College London (KCL)
Profile paper DOI
Funders
Jacobs Foundation
American Asthma Foundation
Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC)
MQ Mental Health Research
Medical Research Council (MRC)
Ongoing?
Yes
Data types collected
- Audio or visual recordings (e.g. of child behaviour, facial expressions)
- Computer, paper or task testing (e.g. cognitive testing, theory of mind doll task, attention computer tasks)
- Interview – face-to-face
- Interview – online
- Interview – phone
- Physical environment assessment (e.g. pollution, mould)
- Physical or biological assessment (e.g. blood, saliva, gait, grip strength, anthropometry)
- Secondary data
- Self-report questionnaire – online
- Self-report questionnaire – paper or computer assisted
- Ethnography or participant observation
- Interviews or focus groups
- Online and social media data
- None
- Education data
- Geographic, spatial & environmental data
- Healthcare data
- Police & judicial system data
- Social media & technology use data
- Tax, income & benefit data
Engagement
Keywords
Consortia and dataset groups
