The lidA Cohort Study focuses on understanding how work and its context impact the physical and psychological health of the ageing workforce in Germany and their subsequent work participation. Participants in the first three waves of the study consists of people born in 1959 and 1965 who were employed subject to social insurance contributions on December 31, 2009. These two cohorts were first interviewed in 2011 and subsequently followed-up every 3 years. In the fourth wave of the survey (2022/23), the cohorts were boosted with additional people born in 1959 and 1965, and a new cohort of people born in 1971 were interviewed for the first time. The participants were drawn from data from the Federal Employment Agency, which contains all employees in Germany who are subject to social insurance contributions.