The PREOBE study is a prospective cohort based in Granada, Spain, investigating how maternal metabolic conditions influence pregnancy and child development. Between 2007 and 2012, 331 pregnant women were recruited during routine antenatal visits at two university hospitals. Participants included healthy women aged 18 to 45 years with singleton pregnancies, as well as their infants after delivery. Mothers were followed during pregnancy at 24 and 34 weeks of gestation. The mother–child dyads were then assessed at birth, and again at 6 and 18 months postpartum, for evaluations of maternal biomarkers and child neurodevelopment.