The aim of the Raine Study was to develop a large cohort of Western Australian children studied from 18 weeks’ gestation to ascertain the relative contributions of familial risk factors, fetal growth, placental development, and environmental insults to outcome in infancy and to the precursors of adult morbidity. Between 1989 and 1991, 2,900 pregnant women volunteered to be part of the study at King Edward Hospital in Western Australia, looking at prenatal ultrasound scans when they were 18 weeks pregnant. During this time, information was collected on both the mother and the father. Some of the mothers were followed up at 24, 28, and 38 weeks gestation and the families then continued with follow-up assessments of their babies. A total of 2,868 babies remained with the study and were examined on the first or second day after birth. Since then, the babies born into the study (Gen2) have been followed up at 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 10, 14, 17, 18, 20, 22, 25, 27, and now 28 years of age. Likewise, data has been collected on their parents (Gen1), their grandparents (Gen0) and now also their own children (Gen3).