The Turnaway Study is a prospective, longitudinal, telephone–interview study of the impact of receiving versus being denied an abortion on women’s physical, psychological, and socioeconomic well-being in the United States of America. Women presented for abortion care between January 2008 and December 2010 at 30 facilities throughout the United States were recruited, resulting in a sample size of almost 900 participants. Baseline telephone interviews were scheduled 8 days after women sought the abortion; women were then interviewed by telephone every 6 months for 5 years.