This study aims to provide evidence-based information to Aboriginal communities across Western Australia, governments, and non-government agencies on the heterogeneous life trajectories of Aboriginal children and families. The linkage of child and carer cohorts from a historical cross-sectional survey (the WAACHS) with longitudinal health-service and social-service administrative data has created a unique and powerful data resource. There are three cohorts within the WAACHS linked data study, representing 10,489 unique individuals with any linked data (noting some cross-membership across Cohorts 1, 2, and 3). While Cohort 1 (the WAACHS children) is the primary focus, Cohort 2 (all WAACHS carers) is critical for understanding the developmental circumstances of the children (data on children and carers are linked). Cohort 3 (all other members of the household) serves to provide further contextual information. There are also two control groups: control group 1 is a random sample of non-Aboriginal children from the statutory WA Midwives Notification System matched to Cohort 1 on gender and age at a ratio of 10:1, and control group 2 were participants in the 1993 WA Child Health Survey (WA-CHS), including 2,736 4 to 16 year-old children (born 1976 to 1990) and their carers in 1,462 households.